Notifications
Clear all
Topic starter
27/04/2019 1:08 am
Many readers may already be familiar Interleukin-15. This abstract provides a nice introduction to the properties of this cytokine as they relate to anabolism:
Int J Mol Med. 2005 Sep;16(3):471-6. Related Articles, Links
Interleukin-15 decreases proteolysis in skeletal muscle: A direct effect.
Busquets S, Figueras MT, Meijsing S, Carbo N, Quinn LS, Almendro V, Argiles JM, Lopez-Soriano FJ.
Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Incubation of rat isolated skeletal muscles (extensor digitorum longus) in the presence of 100 ng/ml of human recombinant interleukin-15 (IL-15) resulted in a significant decrease in total proteolytic rate, while it had no effect on total protein synthesis as measured by the incorporation of (14)C-phenylalanine into muscle protein. In addition, IL-15 had no effect on either amino acid uptake (as determined by the tissue uptake of labelled [1-(14)C]MeAIB) or alanine utilization by incubated skeletal muscles. Similarly, a single injection of IL-15 (100 microg/kg) in vivo did not result in any changes in amino acid uptake (as measured by the tissue uptake of alpha-[1-(14)C]AIB) or alanine metabolism, with the exception of alanine carbon incorporation into lipids, which was significantly increased in adipose tissue as a result of IL-15 administration. The results suggest that the main mechanism involved in the anabolic effects of IL-15 in skeletal muscle relies on a decrease in the proteolytic rate.
27/04/2019 1:59 am
So basically it works by inhibiting protein breakdown.
Do they have any studies on humans with this yet?
Topic starter
27/04/2019 2:40 am
Why do you always ask the tough questions Not that I have seen, J, but the mouse/human DNA sequence is quite similar.
As a side note, I found this interesting as well. IL-15 fights fat as well as promoting anabolism:
Cell Biol Int. 2005 Jun 23; [Epub ahead of print] Related Articles, Links
Interleukin-15 stimulates adiponectin secretion by 3t3-L1 adipocytes: Evidence for a skeletal muscle-to-fat signaling pathway.
Quinn LS, Strait-Bodey L, Anderson BG, Argiles JM, Havel PJ.
Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine that is highly expressed in skeletal muscle tissue, and that has anabolic effects on skeletal muscle protein dynamics both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, administration of IL-15 to rats and mice inhibits white adipose tissue deposition.To determine if the action of IL-15 on adipose tissue is direct, the capacity of cultured murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and adipocytes to respond to IL-15 was examined. IL-15 administration inhibited lipid accumulation in differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, and stimulated secretion of the adipocyte-specific hormone adiponectin by differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The latter observation constitutes the first report of a cytokine or growth factor that stimulates adiponectin production. IL-15 mRNA expression by cultured 3T3-L1 adipogenic cells and C2C12 murine skeletal myogenic cells was also examined. Quantitative real-time PCR indicated IL-15 mRNA was expressed by C2C12 skeletal myogenic cells, and was upregulated more than 10-fold in differentiated skeletal myotubes compared to undifferentiated myoblasts. In contrast, 3T3-L1 cells expressed little or no IL-15 mRNA at either the undifferentiated preadipocyte or differentiated adipocyte stages. These findings provide support for the hypothesis that IL-15 functions in a muscle-to-fat endocrine axis that modulates fat:lean body composition and insulin sensitivity.
27/04/2019 3:32 am
as long as there is nothing like the clen/Beta3 receptor mouse/man extrapolation in this I am good !
This stuff looks VERY interesting. I would assume that it is something that would have to be injected site specific, or maybe topically with a carrier like DMSO?
27/04/2019 4:09 am
This stuff has been used for awhile now, along with other interleukins..
those who've used them like them...but we don't hear much about it.
I'm not sure if IM or SubQ is the desired route, but they'd definitely be more desired than transdermal (bioavailability determines this....shit's expensive!)....of course we could look at the size of the molecule and determine if transdermal is feasible anyway.
Topic starter
27/04/2019 4:57 am
I've seen studies where it was injected IM, SQ, and IV. This is kind of an interestining IV study:
Int J Mol Med. 2005 Jun;15(6):963-7.
Interleukin-15 decreases lipid intestinal absorption.
Almendro V, Carbo N, Busquets S, Lopez-Soriano J, Figueras M, Ametller E, Argiles JM, Lopez-Soriano FJ.
Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Administration of a single acute intravenous injection of interleukin-15 (IL-15) (100 microg/kg bw) to rats resulted in a significant decrease (22%) in triacylglycerol absorption, as measured by using [14C]-triolein load. The cytokine, however, did not influence the oxidation of the exogenously administered lipid or the tissue uptake of [14C]-triolein; this is in concordance with the lack of effects found in the measurement of the tissue lipoprotein lipase activity. Concerning the mechanism involved in the decreased intestinal absorption associated with IL-15 administration, the results presented clearly demonstrate that changes in gastric emptying and intestinal mobility are not involved, as the effect is specific for triacylglycerols. In conclusion, intestinal absorption may be an additional mechanism to take into consideration to explain the 'anti-fat' effect of this cytokine.
27/04/2019 5:46 am
Why do you always ask the tough questions Not that I have seen, J, but the mouse/human DNA sequence is quite similar.
72.8% amino acid homology and 80.5% nucleotide homology for IL-15, respectively 55.5 and 70.6% for the IL-15 receptor, so the homology in that respect is quite low.
Compare that to 89.5 and 87.9 for the androgen receptor for instance.
Good things come to those who weight.
The Big Cat is a researcher and theoreticist. His advice must never be taken in the stead of proper advice from a medical professional, it is entirely intended for research purposes.