Brain Res Bull. 2000 Mar 15;51(5):413-8.
The effect on opioid peptides in the rat brain, after chronic treatment with the anabolic androgenic steroid, nandrolone decanoate.
Johansson P, Hallberg M, Kindlundh A, Nyberg F.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Division of Biological Research on Drug Dependence, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
In recent years, an increase in abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) has been seen among individuals not directly connected to sports. Clinical evidence suggests that abuse of these steroids may result in profound changes in personality, expressed by depressive symptoms, irritability and increased aggression. It is still unknown whether these alterations are related to changes in any particular transmitter system or whether they are persistent or reversible. In this study we focused on AAS effect on the endogenous dynorphin and enkephalin system in the brain. Male rats were given intramuscular injections of the AAS nandrolone decanoate (15 mg/kg), once daily for 2 weeks. The levels of the opioid peptide immunoreactivities (ir) were assessed by radioimmunoassay in two groups immediately after the treatment and in two other groups after additional 3 weeks without any drug treatment (recovery period). The result indicates that chronic AAS treatment increased the activity in the dynorphin B- and Met-enkephalin-Arg(6)Phe(7)-ir in the hypothalamus, striatum and periaqueductal gray (PAG) compared to controls. In addition, the steroid induced an imbalance between the dynorphin and the enkephalin opioid system in the nucleus accumbens, hypothalamus and PAG. This imbalance remained after the recovery period. Since increased peptide activity was found in brain regions regulating emotions, dependence, defensive reactions and aggression, it was suggested that the actual endogenous opioid systems are involved in previously reported AAS-induced changes in these behaviours.
dr frankenstein
Test Prop and enan both make me a bear in the gym but nothing outside of that. I had a freakish temper with tren but that was dose dependent. M1T had me mostly stable but at times i caught myself a little irritable. I would actually ignore things to such a degree that my wife didnt like it. I use her as my head check, i know that when she says that i am not normal she is not messing with me, just making sure i am aware if it. I cant just snap at work or anywhere else so she is a good perspective for me. Kids too, they will notice things that all others miss. If you have them, use them, they are like a failsafe. My oldest will notice that i am either ignoring him or something along those lines and i can correct before it becomes an issue. If you are single be careful on your assumptions of how you are doing, if a friend was having a bad day and asked you if he seemed okay, you would probably tell him, yeah bro you are cool. Not always the truthful answer. Just be aware of yourself and surroundings. Analyze the people around you and you can get a real analysis of yourself.
HD
"SPES ET FIDES"